Apa yang dimaksud dengan perubahan yang direncanakan dan yang tidak direncanakan?

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Oleh Aletheia Rabbani 3/30/2021

Perubahan Terencana dan Tidak Terencana

A. Perubahan yang Direncanakan
Perubahan yang direncanakan disebut juga perubahan dikehendaki adalah perubahan-perubahan yang diperkirakan atau yang telah direncanakan terlebih dahulu oleh pihak-pihak yang hendak mengadakan perubahan di dalam masyarakat. Pihak-pihak yang menghendaki suatu perubahan tersebut dinamakan agent of change, yaitu seseorang atau sekelompok orang yang mendapat kepercayaan dari masyarakat sebagai pemimpin satu atau lebih lembaga-lembaga kemasyarakatan.

Dengannya, suatu perubahan yang direncanakan selalu berada di bawah kendali dan pengawasan agent of change. Dalam melakukan perubahan, agent of change terlebih dahulu menentukan sebuah social engineering atau social planning. Social engineering atau social planning adalah cara-cara untuk mempengaruhi masyarakat dengan sistem yang teratur dan direncanakan terlebih dahulu.

Selain itu, perubahan yang direncanakan juga biasanya dilakukan oleh masyarakat yang memahami betul situasi yang menjadi kelemahannya, dan dengannya mempunyai keinginan untuk mengadakan perubahan. Misalnya, karena banyaknya masyarakat yang menderita sakit polio maka pemerintah berupaya mengadakan perubahan, dengan cara menganjurkan masyarakat untuk membawa bayinya ke puskesmas guna diberikan vaksin polio dengan mengadakan gerakan Pekan Imunisasi Nasional (PIN).

B. Perubahan yang Tidak Direncanakan

Perubahan yang tidak direncanakan disebut juga perubahan yang tidak dikehendaki. Perubahan ini terjadi di luar kehendak dan di luar jangkauan masyarakat untuk mencegahnya. Karena terjadi di luar perkiraan dan jangkauan, perubahan ini sering membawa dampak berupa masalah-masalah yang memicu kekacauan atau kendala-kendala dalam masyarakat.

Perubahan ini sangat sulit ditebak kapan akan terjadi. Misalnya, kasus banjir bandang di Sinjai, Kalimantan Barat. Timbulnya banjir dikarenakan pembukaan lahan yang kurang memerhatikan kelestarian lingkungan. Sebagai akibatnya, banyak perkampungan dan permukiman masyarakat terendam air yang mengharuskan para warganya mencari permukiman baru.

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Lihat Juga

Materi Sosiologi SMA
1. Materi Sosiologi Kelas XII Bab 1.1 Perubahan Sosial dan Dampaknya (Kurikulum 2013)
2. Materi Sosiologi Kelas XII Bab 1.2 Perubahan Sosial dan Dampaknya (Kurikulum 2013)
3. Materi Sosiologi Kelas XII Bab 1.3 Perubahan Sosial dan Dampaknya (Kurikulum 2013)
4. Materi Sosiologi Kelas XII. Bab 1. Perubahan Sosial dan Dampaknya (Kurikulum 2013)
5. Materi Sosiologi Kelas XII. Bab 1. Perubahan Sosial (KTSP)
6. Materi Sosiologi Kelas XII Bab 1.1 Perubahan Sosial dan Dampaknya Terhadap Kehidupan Masyarakat (Kurikulum Revisi 2016)
7. Materi Sosiologi Kelas XII Bab 1.2 Perubahan Sosial dan Dampaknya Terhadap Kehidupan Masyarakat (Kurikulum Revisi 2016)
8. Materi Sosiologi Kelas XII Bab 1.3 Perubahan Sosial dan Dampaknya Terhadap Kehidupan Masyarakat (Kurikulum Revisi 2016)
9. Materi Sosiologi Kelas XII Bab 1.4 Perubahan Sosial dan Dampaknya Terhadap Kehidupan Masyarakat (Kurikulum Revisi 2016)
10. Materi Sosiologi Kelas XII Bab 1.5 Perubahan Sosial dan Dampaknya Terhadap Kehidupan Masyarakat (Kurikulum Revisi 2016)
11. Materi Sosiologi Kelas XII Bab 1.6 Perubahan Sosial dan Dampaknya Terhadap Kehidupan Masyarakat (Kurikulum Revisi 2016)
12. Materi Ujian Nasional Kompetensi Perubahan Sosial
13. Materi Ringkas Perubahan Sosial

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